Tanzania has faced double HIV/Aids epidemics: an old generalised epidemic, (more than 6% prevalence in the general population and a new concentrated epidemic among injecting drug users (IDU). Dar Es Salam is one of the most affected areas in the country by this epidemic.

Since early 2010, Medecins du Monde has offered its expertise, through Harm Reduction program, to help the Tanzanian authorities in Dar es Salaam fight the explosive growth of HIV epidemic among injecting drug users, MSM and sex workers.

The program includes access to basic health care and social services in a drop-in centre, through outreach activities, provision of sterile injection material and behaviour change communication. Moreover, the program includes community information and a peer support component.